Yes. There are three ways to forgive debt. Bankruptcy, Debt Settlement Program or settling your debt on your own. All three options will negatively affect your credit as you need to be severely delinquent in order for your creditors to forgive your debt.
Chapter 7 Bankruptcy is the way to get your credit card dismissed. You can settle your debt if you are severely delinquent (6+ months) for 30-50% of the balance. However, you need to be able to pay in one lump sum.
Yes. Credit card companies and collection agencies will forgive some of your debt. Typically, they only offer this when you are severely delinquent with your accounts (6 months or more).
No. The government doesn't have special programs that helps consumers pay back their credit card debt. They do, however; regulate the companies that offer Debt Management Programs and Debt Settlement Programs. Debt Management Programs are typically offered by nonprofit consumer credit counseling agencies. Debt Settlement Programs are offered by for profit companies.